Pt
Platinum · Pt
Platinum is a rare, precious metallic element renowned for its superior catalytic activity and chemical stability.
About Platinum
Platinum is a highly stable, metallic element that serves as a cornerstone of the platinum-group alloy catalyst class. Its unique electronic structure and robust thermodynamic stability make it an essential material for facilitating complex chemical reactions across diverse industrial environments. Beyond its catalytic prowess, the material is valued for its exceptional resistance to oxidation and corrosion. These intrinsic properties ensure its longevity and reliability in demanding environments, ranging from automotive emission control systems to advanced chemical synthesis processes.
Key Properties
Cross-validated computational properties for Platinum, aggregated across 5 databases.
Band GapEnergy needed to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Lower or zero values tend to behave more metallic; larger gaps are more insulating or semiconducting.
Energy Above HullThermodynamic distance from the most stable set of competing phases. 0 eV/atom is on the convex hull; small positive values may still be experimentally accessible.
StabilityA plain-language summary of the best reported energy-above-hull result. It reflects whether the lowest-energy structure is on, near, or far from the stability hull.
StructuresCount of reported calculated crystal structures for this formula, including alternate polymorphs, source databases, and observed space groups.
Cross-Source DFT Agreement
How well independent DFT databases agree on the thermodynamics of Pt. Tight agreement means computed properties can be trusted without re-running calculations.
Agreement ScoreA normalized confidence score summarizing how closely independent DFT databases agree. Higher scores mean tighter cross-source agreement.
Hull SpreadDifference between the highest and lowest energy-above-hull values reported by comparable sources. Smaller spread means less thermodynamic disagreement.
Sources ComparedNumber and names of computational sources with comparable entries for this formula.
Space Group ConsensusWhether independent sources predict the same crystal symmetry for the lowest-energy structure.
Reported Structures
Lowest-energy structures reported for Pt, ranked by energy above hull.
| Space GroupSymmetry classification of the crystal arrangement. The number is the international space-group index. | Crystal SystemBroad lattice family, such as cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, or triclinic, derived from unit-cell symmetry. | Band Gap (eV)Electronic gap calculated for this specific reported structure, measured in electronvolts. | E above hull (eV/atom)Thermodynamic distance from the convex hull for this structure, normalized per atom. Lower is generally more stable. | E/atom (eV)Computed total energy normalized per atom. Use energy above hull, not this value alone, when comparing stability. | Density (g/cm³)Mass per relaxed crystal volume, reported in grams per cubic centimeter. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fm-3m (No. 225) | cubic | 0.00 | 0.0000 | -51.488 | 21.13 |
| P63/mmc (No. 194) | hexagonal | 0.00 | 0.0691 | -51.419 | 20.48 |
| Im-3m (No. 229) | cubic | 0.00 | 0.1070 | -51.381 | 20.37 |
| Im-3m (No. 229) | Cubic | — | — | — | 22.19 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 0.87 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 5.87 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 6.20 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 0.77 |
| Fm-3m (No. 225) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Im-3m (No. 229) | Cubic | — | — | — | 20.37 |
| Im-3m (No. 229) | Cubic | — | — | — | 20.86 |
| Fm-3m (No. 225) | — | — | — | — | — |
Applications
Where Platinum is used.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Platinum, answered from cross-validated data.
What is Pt?
Platinum is a rare, precious metallic element renowned for its superior catalytic activity and chemical stability.
What is Pt used for?
What is the band gap of Pt?
Is Pt a metal, semiconductor, or insulator?
Is Pt thermodynamically stable?
What is the crystal structure of Pt?
What is the density of Pt?
How many polymorphs of Pt are known?
What elements does Pt contain?
Where does the data for Pt come from?
How It Compares
Within the platinum-group alloy catalysts class.
As a pure elemental metal, Platinum serves as the fundamental benchmark for the platinum-group alloy class. While compounds like P3Ru or As2Pt incorporate additional elements to tune specific catalytic activities or electronic properties, pure Platinum remains the most-studied and versatile standard for high-performance oxidation and reduction reactions.
Related Compounds
Other Platinum-Group Alloy Catalysts in the database.
Data sources & attribution
- materials_project — Data from the Materials Project. Cite: Jain et al., APL Materials 1, 011002 (2013).
- mpaloe — Data from mpaloe.
- cod — Data from the Crystallography Open Database. Cite: Grazulis et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 40, D420 (2012).
- jarvis — Data from JARVIS (NIST). Cite: Choudhary et al., npj Comp. Mater. 6, 173 (2020).
- nomad — Data from NOMAD. Cite: Draxl & Scheffler, J. Phys. Mater. 2, 036001 (2019).
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